Research into experiential learning in nurse education
Abstract
This research is founded on an innovative pedagogical project as part of a higher education lecturer teaching qualification. This project involved redesigning the module ‘advanced history taking and physical examination with clinical reasoning’, a continuing professional development at a higher education institution. The author undertook an exploration of the literature, considering evidence on teaching styles and the way in which students learn and gain knowledge. The module was redesigned, impelemented and then evaluated by the student participants. Key themes in the evaluation centred on the experiential learning style and experiential teaching style. There are numerous internal and external factors that affect teaching, and student learning. Experiential learning has provided a successful teaching pedagogy when applied to clinical skill acquisition, and has positively benefited the module delivery and pass rate, suggesting it has embedded ‘deep learning’. Student feedback was positive, and the redesigned module has had a positive impact on student engagement and the teacher–student interaction.
References
- . Gap between knowledge and practice in nursing. Procedia—Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2011; 15:3927–3931. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.396 Crossref, Google Scholar
- . Approaches to teaching: current opinions and related research. Nurse Educ Today. 2005; 25(7):502–508. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2005.03.007 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar
- . Experiential Learning: A handbook for education, training and coaching. 3rd edn. London: Kogan Page; 2013 Google Scholar
- . Kolb's experiential learning model: critique from a modelling perspective. Studies in Continuing Education. 2010; 32(1):29–46. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/01580370903534355 Crossref, Google Scholar
- . Bates' guide to physical examination and history taking. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer. 12th edn. 2017 Google Scholar
- . Student approaches to learning and studying. Research Monograph: Australian Council for Educational Research Ltd; 1987 Google Scholar
- . Reflective essay: Kolb's ‘experiential learning cycle’. Nordesrtedt: GRIN Verlag; 2013 Google Scholar
- . Understanding philosophy in a nurse's world: what, where and why? Nursing and Health. 2014; 2(3): 65–71. Google Scholar
Care Quality Commission . Care Quality Commission response to Francis Report. 6 February 2013. https://tinyurl.com/y8y992zg (accessed 27 July 2017 ) Google Scholar- . Student peer reviewers' views on teaching innovations and imaginative learning. Nurse Educ Today. 2016; 39:155–160. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2016.02.004 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar
- . Innovation and its contribution to the scholarship of learning and teaching. Nurse Education Today. 2012; 32(7):729–731. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2012.06.001 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar
- . Lectures are such an effective teaching method because they exploit evolved human psychology to improve learning. Med Hypotheses. 2006; 67(6):1261–1265. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2006.08.001 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar
Council of Deans of Health, Health Education Academy . Innovation in teaching and learning in health higher education. 2015. https://tinyurl.com/ya9o6mtr (accessed 9 August 2017 ) Google ScholarDepartment of Health . Innovation, health and wealth: accelerating adoption and diffusion in the NHS. London: DH; 2011. https://tinyurl.com/yaw7wdmb (accessed 27 July 2017 ) Google Scholar- . Lecturing: case studies, experience and practice. London, Kogan Page; 2001 Google Scholar
- . Didactic teaching strategies for successful learning. Journal of Pedacta. 2014; 3(2): 49-57. https://tinyurl.com/y7kofwdg (
accessed 27 July 2017 ) Google Scholar - Contrasting Perspectives on Learning. In: Marton FHounsell DEntwistle WJ, eds, The experience of learning. Implications for teaching and studying in higher education. 2nd edn. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press; 1997 Google Scholar
- . What is the flipped classroom? 2015. https://tinyurl.com/nlkw48q (
accessed 7 August 2017 ) Google Scholar - . The Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Enquiry. 2013. https://tinyurl.com/ycxztt34 (
accessed 28 July 2017 ) Google Scholar - . Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics. PNAS. 2014; 111(23):8410–8415. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1319030111 Google Scholar
- Fry HKetteridge SMarshall S, eds. A handbook for teaching and learning in higher education: enhancing academic practice. 4 edn. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge; 2015 Google Scholar
- . Interprofessional education. The Clinical Teacher. 2013;10(5): 339-341 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar
Higher Education Funding Council for England . About the TEF. 2017. https://tinyurl.com/yddwth4j (accessed 7 August 2017 ) Google ScholarHigher Education Academy . UK Professional Standards Framework. The UK professional standards framework for teaching and supporting learning in higher education; 2011 http://tinyurl.com/y8o386th (accessed 11 August 2017 ) Google Scholar- . Open to outcome: a practical guide for facilitating and teaching experiential reflection. Wood ‘N’ Barnes: Bethany; 2004 Google Scholar
- . Experiential learning: experience as the source of learning and development. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall; 1984 Google Scholar
- . Twilight of the lecture. 2014. https://tinyurl.com/85uclyv (
accessed 28 July 2017 ) Google Scholar - . Lord Willis reveals thoughts on nurse education reform. 15 December 2014. https://tinyurl.com/y6vt9p8j (
accessed 28 July 2017 ) Google Scholar - . Attitudes to externally organising knowledge management tasks: a review, reconsideration and extension of the NIH syndrome. R&D Management. 2006; 36(4):367–386. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2006.00443.x Google Scholar
- . A concept of improvement of learning response in the taught lesson. Visual Education. 1968: 23–25 Google Scholar
- . Teaching methods in higher education–innovation and research. Higher Education Quarterly. 1970; 24(3):321–329. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2273.1970.tb00346.x Crossref, Google Scholar
- . Non-stop creativity and innovation: How to generate and implement winning ideas. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill; 2002 Google Scholar
- . The concept of experiential learning and John Dewey's theory of reflective thought and action. International Journal of Lifelong Education. 2000; 19(1):54–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/026013700293458 Crossref, Google Scholar
- . Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (1): linkages to ways of thinking and practising, in Rust C, ed. Improving student learning – ten years on. Oxford: OCSLD; 2003 Google Scholar
- . Overcoming Barriers to student understanding: Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge: linkages to ways of thinking and practising. Routledge: Abingdon; 2006 Google Scholar
NHS England . Leading Change, Adding Value. 2016. https://tinyurl.com/h45wu74 (accessed 28 July 2017 ) Google ScholarNursing and Midwifery Council . Standards for pre-registration nursing education. London: NMC; 2010 Google ScholarNursing and Midwifery Council . The code: professional standards of practice and behaviour for nurses and midwives. London: NMC; 2015 Google ScholarNursing and Midwifery Council . Standards of proficiency for registered nurses. Draft consultation. London: NMC; 2017 Google Scholar- . Interprofessional education in allied health: a systematic review. Med Educ. 2014; 48(3):236–246. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/medu.12290 Crossref, Medline, Google Scholar
- . A handbook of structured experiences for human relations training volumes 1-5. University Associates: La Jolla; 1975 Google Scholar
- . Deep/surface approaches to learning: an introduction. The National Teaching and Learning Forum. 1995; 5(1): 1-5. https://tinyurl.com/y778afwg (
accessed 28 July 2017 ) Google Scholar - . The variation of memory with time for information appearing during a lecture. Studies in Adult Education. 1972; 4(1):57–62. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02660830.1972.11771885 Crossref, Google Scholar
- . Improving safety in maternity services: a toolkit for teams. 2012. https://tinyurl.com/ybxmbvc8 (
accessed 9 August 2017 ) Google Scholar - . Teaching and learning in further and adult education. Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes; 2000 Google Scholar
- . Raising the bar. Shape of caring: a review of the future education and training of registered nurses and care assistants. Health Education England: London; 2015 Google Scholar
- . Wasting minds: why our education system is failing and what we can do about it. Alexandria: Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development; 2011 Google Scholar
- . Improving listening skills In: Rubin RB, ed, Improving speaking and listening skills. New directions for college learning assistance. Number 12. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1983 Google Scholar



